Zinc anodes protect the metal parts of submerged structures by inhibiting the rate at which the metal corrodes. Sacrificial anodes are the main component in cathodic protection, a technique used to control the corrosion of a metal by setting it up as the cathode of an electrochemical cell. In other words, a sacrificial metal that corrodes more easily is set on the surface of whichever metal needs to be protected. Since this metal corrodes more easily, the metal underneath is protected. Oil and gas industries both benefit from this electrochemical response, because both require the use of structures that may be submerged underwater for extended periods of time. Two metals submerged underwater create a kind of cell that corrodes over time, a process known as galvanic corrosion.
Rather than preventing the process of corrosion entirely, zinc anodes or sacrificial anodes, known colloquially as “zincs”, override the galvanic corrosion between the two metals they are designed to protect.
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